句子分析：1．[教材原句]At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天，人们就会挨饿，现在小编就来说说关于人教版高一英语必修三unit3课文?下面内容希望能帮助到你，我们来一起看看吧!

人教版高一英语必修三unit3课文

句子分析：

1．[教材原句]At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天，人们就会挨饿。

[句型点拨]条件状语从句为"主语＋be＋adj.＋to do"句式，在这个句式中，主语为不定式的逻辑宾语，不定式常用主动语态。

[佳句赏析]As far as I'm concerned, this maths problem is very difficult to work out.

就我个人而言，这道数学题很难算出来。

2．[教材原句]Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。

[句型点拨]either ...or ...，意为"或者……，或者……；要么……，要么……；不是……就是……"。

[佳句赏析]People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.

人们可以把它们当作礼物送给朋友或者挂在自己家里。

3．[教材原句]On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with"bones"on them.在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃专制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有"骨头"的蛋糕。

[句型点拨]句中with的复合宾语结构作cakes的定语。

[佳句赏析]Here many high buildings have appeared with green trees growing quickly.这里高楼林立、绿树成荫。

4．[教材原句]The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.(节日里)整个国度到处都是盛开的樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。

[句型点拨]句中as though引导表语从句，相当于as if。

[佳句赏析]It seemed as though she had known Millie for years.现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。

单词词组运用

1．Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time.讨论它们(中国节日)是什么时间举行，庆祝的是什么事件，人们在那天做什么事。

★take place发生；举行

take the place of　　　　 　代替(某人)，接替(某人)的位置

take one's place 就位，就席，就座；替代某人

in place of(＝in one's place) 替代(某人)；代替(某人的)位置

①The wedding will take place in May. 婚礼将于五月举行。

②There can be no doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their (they) place in life sooner. 毫无疑问，特殊的课程能够帮助天才儿童更早地毕业，并且能够更早地步入社会开始自己的生活。

③Robson came on in_place_of Wilkins ten minutes before the end of the game. 比赛结束前十分钟罗布森上场替代威尔金斯。

[点津]　take place是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语，也不能用于被动语态。

2．At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，特别是在寒冷的冬月里，如果难以找到食物，人们就会挨饿。

★starve vi.饿死；挨饿；饿得要死；渴望；极需要 vt.使饿死；使挨饿

(1)starve to death　　饿死

starve to do sth. 渴望做某事

starve for sth. 渴望得到某物

(2)starvation n. 饥饿

①The world sees a large number of children starve to death every day.世界上每天都有许多儿童饿死。

②They are starving to see the footballer.他们急切的想见这位足球明星。

③I am starving for a sight of the sea.我非常渴望看见大海。

【活学活用】

(1)The proud man said he would starve rather than beg for food. 那个骄傲的男人说他宁愿饿死也不愿讨饭。

(2)So needless to say, I've been starving for his latest release for quite some time.所以不用多说,我等他这张最新专辑已经等了好久了。

(3)If he had had a little food then, he would not __________________________. 如果当时他有一点点食物的话,他就不会饿死了。

(4)语法填空。

①Relief workers say it's worse than ever as disease and__________________________ (starve) combine to kill thousands of people.

②We are starving_____________________the knowledge about this field in order to effectively deal with some projects we will meet.

③Pictures of __________________(starve) children have set many people rushing to donate money.

答案：(3)have starved to death　(4)①starvation　②for　③starving

3．Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。

★并列连词词组either...or...，意为"或者……，或者……；要么……，要么……；不是……就是……"，其用法如下：

(1)它可以连接两个并列成分，如谓语动词、名词、代词、不定式或分词等。

When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.那个女孩高兴时，不是唱歌就是跳舞。

(2)它连接主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要与or后面的主语保持一致，也就是遵循"就近原则"。

Either you or he is (be) going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么他去那里。

[点津]　遵循"就近原则"类似的结构还有：neither ... nor ...; not only ... but also ...; not ... but ...; whether ... or ...等。

4．For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. (P2)在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。

★in memory of纪念；追念

in favour of　　　支持；赞同

in face of 面临；面对

in honour of 为纪念……；为祝贺……；为了向……表示敬意

in charge of 负责；掌管

in search of 寻找

①A tenfoot wooden sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder.在这座桥边树立起了一座10英尺高的木质雕塑来纪念这座桥的建造者。

②I am in favour of Susan's opinion about what the best present is.我赞同苏珊什么是最好礼物的观点。

③You should keep calm even in_face_of danger.即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。

5．On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with "bones" on them. 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有"骨头"的蛋糕。

★句中with"bones"on them短语作cakes的定语，它是"with＋宾语＋宾语补足语"结构，即with的复合宾语结构。

①With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时却不能去度假。

②With a lot of work to do(do), he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。

③With prices going (go) up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起奢侈商品。

6．The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信仰，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。

★belief n．信任；信心；信仰

have a strong belief in ...　　　绝对信任……

hold the belief that ... 坚信……

in the belief that ... (＝believe that ...) 相信……

①I have a strong belief in his honesty.我对他的诚实绝对信任。

②He came to me ________ the belief that I could help him.他到我这里来，相信我能帮助他。

[点津]　在写作中，为提高写作档次可以尝试用短语代替单词。如可用hold the belief that ...代替believe that ...。试比较：

We all believe that those who have a wonderful sense of humor are more popular.＝We all hold the belief that / we all believe that those who have a wonderful sense of humor are more popular.我们都坚信那些幽默感特强的人更受欢迎。

7．It is now a children's festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours' homes to ask for sweets. (P2)如今，(万圣节前夕)成了孩子们的节日，这一天他们可以乔装打扮，上邻居家要糖果吃。

★dress up穿上盛装；打扮；装饰

dress sb./oneself　　给某人/自己穿衣服

be dressed in ... 穿着……

be well dressed 穿着讲究

get dressed 穿好衣服

dress up as ... 装扮成……

①They dressed up for the occasion.为了参加这个活动，他们都穿上盛装。

②We are going to dress the baby in new clothes and take her to the park.我们要给小孩子穿上新衣服，带她到公园去。

③Dressed in_a red coat, she looks more beautiful.穿着红色的外衣，她看上去更漂亮了。

8．If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. (P2)如果邻居不给糖果，孩子们就会捣乱。

★play a trick on(＝ play tricks on)搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑

trick sb. out of sth.　　　　骗取某人的某物

trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事

tricky adj. 狡猾的, 诡计多端的;难办的,难对付的

①It's a tradition to play tricks on people on April 1st.在四月一日，捉弄人是个传统习俗。

②The cheater tricked the old lady out of her necklace.那个骗子把老妇人的项链骗走了。

③She tricked him into giving (give) her the money.她从他那儿骗到了这些钱。

【活学活用】

(1)Don't take it seriously; she just wants to play a trick on you.别太当真,她只是想跟你开个玩笑。

(2)Stephen is going to be pretty upset when he finds out how you tricked him. 当斯蒂芬查明你怎样欺骗了他,他会非常难过。

(3)He ________revealing the place where he had hidden the money. 他受人哄骗,泄露了他藏钱的地方。

(4)语法填空。

①He tricked her ________marrying him by pretending that he was rich.

②The first of April is commonly known as April Fools' Day, and it is customary on this day to play a trick________a friend.

③It's a very ________(trick) problem, but I think there are a number of things you can do.

④From that day on, I think twice before answering questions like that so as not________ (trick) again

答案：(3)was tricked into　(4)①into　②on　③tricky ④to be tricked

9．India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain. 在印度，10月2日是纪念莫汉达斯·甘地的全国性节日，甘地是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。

★gain vt.获得；得到n.增加，好处，利益，利润

gain sth. from ...　　　　　 从……中获得某物

gain independence (from ...) (脱离……)获得独立

gain strength/weight/power/experience增加力气/体重/权力/经验

①He tried to gain time by postponing his decision.他想以迟迟不作决定的手段来争取时间。

②They will gain progress from the training.在那种训练中，他们会有长进的。

③During the winter holiday, she gained much weight．寒假期间，她体重增了很多。

④No pains, no gains．不劳无获。

10. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. 有些人还可能因他们的农产品而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最好看的公鸡。

★award n．奖；奖品vt.授予；奖给；判给

(1)the first award/prize/place　　　　一等奖； 第一名

win/get/receive an award for sth. 因……而获奖

(2)award sb. sth.＝ award sth. to sb. 为某人颁发奖品

award sb. (sth.) for sth. 因……奖励某人

be awarded for… 因……而得奖

①The Oscar Award for the best actress in 2016 went to Brie Larson.2016年奥斯卡最佳女演员奖的得主是布丽·拉尔森。

②Doctor Yuan Longping has received honours and awards_from the government for his contribution to agricultural production. 袁隆平博士因为在农业生产上作出贡献而获得政府给予的荣誉和奖励。

③They awarded the first prize to John.他们授予约翰一等奖。

④He was awarded the prize for being the fastest runner.他因跑得最快而获奖。

⑤He was given $800 as a reward for his bravery.

⑥The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 was awarded to Tu Youyou.

【活学活用】

(1)The Nobel Prize is awarded to those who make great contributions in their own fields every year.诺贝尔奖每年都会颁给那些在他们自己的领域做出重大贡献的人。

(2)She was awarded a gold medal due to/for her outstanding service to the public.由于她对公众的杰出服务,她得到了一枚金牌。

(3)________ so many prizes in literature, George felt that his years of efforts were well deserved.(使用分词) 在文学中获得了如此多的奖项,乔治认为他多年的努力是值得的。

(4)语法填空。

①He received awards from the government________his contributions to agriculture.

②She spent all her life in helping the poor and ________(award) the Nobel Prize.

③It was a great surprise to read of this film ________(award) the best film prize in this morning's newspaper.

答案：(3)Having been awarded　(4)①for　②was awarded ③being awarded

11．China and Japan have midautumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这天人们会赏月，在中国人们还品尝月饼。

★admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕

(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事羡慕某人

(2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕

(3)admiring adj. 赞赏的；羡慕的

admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；值得赞美的

①My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.同桌非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常被他的赞美所鼓舞。

②We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country.我们钦佩这位老科学家对国家做出的巨大贡献。

③We all read her novels with admiration (admire)．我们都满怀钦佩之情地拜读她的作品。

④She was used to receiving admiring (admire) glances from others.她习惯了别人投来赞赏的目光。

【活学活用】

(1)We all admired him for the way he saved the children from the fire.我们称赞他从火中救出孩子们的行为。

(2)The works of Dickens are admired in China as well as in the rest of the world.像在世界上其他地方一样,狄更斯的作品在中国也受到赞赏。

(3)Deeply moved by her performance, the whole audience gasped________. 被她的演出深深感动,全场观众赞叹不已。

(4)语法填空。

①She speaks English so well that her friends are filled with ________(admire).

②We admire the old scientist ________his great contribution to the country.

③We walked round the house, ________(admire)the furniture and decorations.

答案：(3)with admiration　(4)①admiration ②for　③admiring

12．The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。

★look forward to期望；期待；盼望

①Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply. 谢谢您的关心，盼望早日收到您的回复。

匹配"look forward (to)"的用法

A．"期待；盼望"，其后接动名词作宾语。

B．"向前看"，其后所接动词不定式表目的。

C．"期待；盼望"， 所在句子为定语从句，其后常常使用谓语动词。

②He looked forward to see who was making a loud noise in the crowd.__B__

③The day that he had looked forward to came at last.__C__

④We looked forward to hearing from you.__A__

13．The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.(P2)(节日里)整个国度到处都是盛开的樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。

★句中as though引导的从句是表语从句，相当于as if。

①It seemed as though/if they were very tired. 看上去他们像是很累的样子。

(1)as though/as if还可以引导方式状语从句。

②She is looking at me as_though/if she knew me. 她看着我好像她认识我似的。

(2)as though/if引导的从句可用虚拟语气表示不真实或不大可能发生的事情。

③She loves the boy as if she were (be) his mother. 她爱这个男孩，好像她是他的母亲一样。

④The girl listened as if she had_turned (turn) into a stone.那个女孩倾听着，好像已经变成了石头似的。

14．People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. 人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。

★have fun with玩得开心

have fun　　玩得高兴，过得快活

What fun! 多么有趣！

It's fun to do sth. 做某事很有趣

①Christmas is a time to have fun with other family members.圣诞节是和其他的家人玩得开心的时间。

②You're sure to have_fun at the party tonight.今晚的宴会你必定会玩得开心。

③It's fun to_swim (swim) in the pool with families or friends in summer.夏天和家人或朋友在游泳池里游泳很有趣。

[点津]　fun是不可数名词，其前一般不加冠词。

课文原句分析

1．[教材原句]It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave — he wiped the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV — just what Li Fang needed! 很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开——他擦好桌子，然后坐下来，打开电视机。这正合李方的意！

[句型点拨]It is/was obvious that ..."很明显……"，it为形式主语。

[佳句赏析]很明显，如果没有全社会的帮助就不会有今天的新学校。

It is obvious that, without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today.

2．[教材原句]While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人间遇见了牛郎，两人相爱了。

[句型点拨]while意为"当……的时候"，在句中引导时间状语从句。

[佳句赏析]当他在大学学习时，见到了这位歌手并与之成为了好朋友。

While he was studying in the university, he met with the singer and they became good friends.

3．[教材原句]Finding that Zhinü was heartbroken, her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.看到织女伤心欲绝，王母娘娘最后决定让这对夫妻每年跨过银河相会一次。

[句型点拨]现在分词短语在句中作状语。

单词词组运用：

1. permission n．许可；允许

(1)with/without (one's) permission 允许/未经允许

ask for (one's) permission 请求(某人的)许可

(2)permit vt. 允许；许可；准许

permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

permit doing sth. 允许做某事

①With the teacher's permission, the student took a day off.经老师允许，这位学生休假一天。

②You aren't allowed to take a book out of the library without permission.未经允许，你不能把一本书带出图书馆。

③Her parents didn't permit her to_go (go) to the concert by herself.她父母不允许她自己去听音乐会。

2．But she didn't turn up. 但是她没有出现。

★turn up出现；到场；被找到；开大(音量)；向上翻

写出下列句中turn up的含义

①If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany.出现

②I can't hear the music. Please turn up the radio.开大(音量)

③I'm sure your pen will turn up one of these days.被找到

④He turned up his coat collar against the chill wind.向上翻

turn down 关小；调低；拒绝

turn away 拒绝支持；把……打发走

turn out 生产；制造；结果是；赶走

turn to 求助于

turn on 打开

turn over 翻转

turn off 关闭

turn in 上交；呈递

turn up 出现；到场；调高

⑤Some all-A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected.学校的一些优秀学生踏入社会后不像人们预料的那么成功。

⑥—You look upset. What's the matter?

—I had my proposal turned down again.

——你看上去很伤心，怎么了？

——我的建议被再次拒绝了。

3．She said she would be there at seven o'clock, and he thought she would keep her word.(P7)她说她会在7点到达，他认为她会守信用的。

★keep one's word守信用；履行诺言

break one's word　　失信；食言；失约

eat one's words 承认说错话；收回前言

have a word with 和……说句话

have words with 和……争论

in a word 总之

in other words 换句话说

word came that ... 消息传来……

①It is a great advantage to me that I always keep my word.我一直守信这一点对我十分有利。

②He is such a man that he can't keep his word; in other words, he always breaks his word, because of which his friends often have words with him.他是这样的一个人，总是不能遵守诺言。换句话说，他总是食言，由于这个原因，他的朋友们经常和他争论。

③Word_came_that a typhoon had hit several cities along the coast.传来了台风袭击了沿海的几个城市的消息。

[点津]　(1)word当"诺言"讲时，仅用单数，常与所有格连用。

(2)word当"话语"讲时，是可数名词，有单复数的变化形式。

(3)word当"消息"讲时是不可数名词。

4．Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. 他不想屏息等她来道歉。

★hold one's breath屏息；屏气

take a deep breath＝breathe deeply 深呼吸

lose one's breath 喘不过气来

out of breath 上气不接下气，喘不过气来

①We held our breath in excitement.我们激动地屏息凝神。

②To make the movement easier I tried to take_a deep breath of fresh air.为了移动起来更容易，我努力呼吸新鲜空气。

③Tired and out_of_breath,_we reached the top of the mountain.我们到达了山顶，累得喘不过气来。

★apologize vi.道歉；辩白

(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉

apologize to sb. that ... 向某人道歉……

(2)apology n. 道歉

make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉

accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉

owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉

④Victor apologized to me for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan.维克多因为没有通知我计划有变而向我道歉。

⑤He made an apology to her for not replying to her letter in time.他因没有及时给她回信而向她道歉。

⑥Please accept our apology (apologize) for the inconvenience this matter has given you.对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。

5．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...(P7)很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……

★It is/was obvious that ...意为"很明显/显然……"。it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。

①It is obvious that a good learning habit can help us a lot.很明显一个好的学习习惯能给我们很多帮助。

[点津]　obviously作评注性状语，在功能上相当于句型"It was/is obvious that ..."。

②iPad对我们的学习有帮助是显而易见的，尤其是对我们的英语听力。

→It is obvious that iPad is of great help to our study, especially to our English listening.

→Obviously, iPad is of great help to our study, especially to our English listening.

6．While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。

★While she was on earth为时间状语从句，while在此句中意为："当……时候"。

①While the old man was reading, he fell asleep.老人在读书时，睡着了。

②Men tends to be violent while women acts in the opposite way.然而

③While I was working for a wedding, a pearl necklace Mum had left me disappeared.当……时

④She worked in a bank for a while before studying law. 一会儿

⑤While travel can broaden your mind, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 虽然

7．As Li Fang set off for home, he thought，"I guess Hu Jin doesn't love me ..."(P7)李方动身往家走，心里想："我猜胡瑾是不爱我了……"。

★set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起

写出下列句中set off的含义

①He reminded me that it was time we should set off for the railway station.出发

②The slightest spark can set off the explosives stored here.使……爆炸

③If uncontrolled, the shortage would set off a new rise in meat prices.引起

set off for　　动身去(某地)

set about 着手/开始做……(后接名词、动名词)

set out 出发；开始做……(后接动词不定式)

set down 放下；记下

set up 建立；树立；搭起

set aside 放在一边；留出；不理会

④Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.依照惯例，为激励自己，大学毕业生会在开始他们的人生旅程之前举行一场毕业典礼。

⑤He set out to_paint (paint) the whole house but finished only the front.

＝He set about painting (paint) the whole house but finished only the front.

他着手粉刷整间房子，但仅仅完成了前面。

⑥I wonder if the school could place more dustbins and set up special rules against such behaviour.我想知道学校是否能够放置更多的垃圾箱并制定特殊规则来制止这种行为。

8．I don't want them to remind me of her. (P7)我不想因它们想起她来。

★remind vt.提醒；使想起

remind sb. of sth./sb.　　　 　提醒某人某事/想起某人

remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事

remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……

①I agree with Susan, whose article reminds me of my best gift, a pen, given by my father, who was a worker. 我赞同苏珊的观点，她的文章使我想起当工人的父亲给我的一份最好的礼物——一支钢笔。

②Reminded not to_drive (drive) after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。

③Passengers are_reminded (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。

[联想]　根据提示，补全下面"v.＋sb.＋of sth."短语。

①cure sb.of sth.　 　治好某人的病

②accuse sb.of sth. 指控某人某事

③cheat sb.of sth. 骗取某人某物

④inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事

⑤convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事

⑥rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物

9．She would never forgive him. 她永远不会原谅他了。

★forgive(forgave，forgiven)vt.原谅；饶恕

forgive sb.　　　　　　　　原谅某人

forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事

forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事

①All I ask is that you forgive me and keep my secret.我只请求你原谅我，并替我保守秘密。

②Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don't agree with that.请原谅我打岔，不过我确实不同意那一点。

[佳句赏析]看到我爸爸开车离开，妈妈和我挥手向他道别。

Seeing my father's driving away, my mother and I waved our hands and said goodbye to him.

Ⅲ.佳句再现

1.主动表被动结构:be adj. to do

At that time people would starve if food was________________________________________(难以找到), especially during the cold winter months.

2.“with 宾语 介词短语”结构

On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes____________________(上面有“骨头”).

3.固定搭配:either…or… 或者……或者……

Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return _____________________(或提供帮助或带来危害).

4.固定句型:It is obvious that…显然……

_____________________(显然)the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave…

5. “hear/watch, see, find, catch… 宾语 宾补”结构

As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home,he _____________________(听见一个声音在叫他).

答案：1.difficult to find　2.with “bones” on them 3.either to help or to do harm 　4.It was obvious that

5. heard a voice calling him

句型：

●1 It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave…很明显,咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……

句型公式　

It is/was obvious that…显而易见……,显然……

【句式点拨】

It is/was obvious that…意为“显然……;显而易见……”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。常见的用形式主语的句型有:

(1)It is/was 形容词 that 从句. 如:

It's natural/likely/strange that…显然/很可能/奇怪的是……

(2)It is/was 名词 that 从句. 如:

It's a pity/shame/an honour that…遗憾的是/可耻的是/荣幸的是……

(3)It 不及物动词 that 从句. 如:

It seems/happens/turns out that…似乎/碰巧/结果……

(4)It is/was 过去分词 that 从句. 如:

It's said/well-known/reported that…据说/众所周知/据报道……

[温馨提示] it作形式主语引导主语从句时容易和what引导的主语从句、which引导的定语从句混淆,使用时要细心体会三种句式的差别。

【活学活用】

(1)It is obvious that people should have adequate rest in order to work hard. 很显然,人们应该有充足的休息以便于努力工作。

(2)It's a shame ___________________we failed to fulfil the task ahead of time. 我们没能提前完成任务,真是惭愧。

(3)___________________ is believed that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found. 人们认为这是至今所发现的最早也是最大的古代造纸作坊遗址。

(4)一句多译。

①___________________to everyone that the child had been badly treated.(主语从句)

②The child had been badly treated, ___________________to everyone.(定语从句)

③___________________was that the child had been badly treated.(主语从句)

人们一看便知,那个孩子受过虐待。

●2 As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home,he heard a voice calling him.回家途中,心情失落的他在经过拐角处的茶馆时,突然听见有人在叫他。

句型公式 hear 宾语 doing/done/do

【句式点拨】本句包含as引导的时间状语从句,主句中calling him 是现在分词短语用作a voice 的补足语,形成“hear 宾语 doing/done/do”结构。能用于该结构的动词还有watch, see, find, catch, observe等。

[温馨提示] 在“hear 宾语 doing/done/do”结构中,doing强调动作正在进行;do表示动作的全过程;done表示已经完成的或者是被动的动作。在被动语态中,do要改为to do形式。

【活学活用】

(1)Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door. 她还没来得及坐下来,就听见有人敲门。

(2)As he was pushing his bicycle across the track, he was surprised to ___________________

当他正推着他的自行车跨过这条小道时,他吃惊地听到有人叫他的名字。

(3)语法填空。

①I heard her ___________________(shout) from the bathroom and went to see what was the matte②We stood there,watching the train ___________________(leave) until it disappeared out of our sight.

③When the police came, they found the window of the house ___________________(break) into.

答案：●1 (2)that　(3)It　(4)①It was obvious　②which was obvious　③What was obvious to everyone

●2 (2)hear his name (being)called　(3)①shouting　②leave ③broken