一、规则动词的过去式变化如下:,下面我们就来说一说关于五四制鲁教版五年级英语上册试卷?我们一起去了解并探讨一下这个问题吧!
五四制鲁教版五年级英语上册试卷
一、规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed, 如:work---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted
2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d, 如:live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped
3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变为-i 再加-ed, 如:study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed, 如:stop---stopped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go-went make-made get-got buy-bought come-came fly-flew
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1. 把动词原形中的i改为a, 变成过去式。如:
begin-began,drink-drank,give-gave,ring-rang,sing-sang,sit-sat,swim-swam
2. 把重读开音节中的i改为O, 变成过去式。如:drive-drove,ride-rode,write-wrote
3. 改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew, 变成过去式。如:draw-drew,grow-grew,know-knew,throw-threw (动词 show除外,show-showed)
4. 动词原形中的e改为o, 变成过去式。如:get-got,forget-forgot
5. 动词原形中的ee改为e, 变成过去式。如:feed-fed,meet-met
6. 动词原形中的eep 改为ept, 变成过去式。如:keep-kept,sleep-slept,sweep-swept
7. 动词原形中的eak改为oke, 变成过去式。如:break-broke,speak-spoke
8. 动词原形中的ell 改为old, 变成过去式。如:sell-sold,tell-told
9. 动词原形中的an 改为oo, 变成过去式。如:stand-stood,understand-understood
10. 以ought和aught结尾,且读音是[:t] 的过去式。如: bring-brought,buy-bought,think-thought,catch-caught,teach-taugh
11. 以ould结尾且读音为[ud] 的情态动词过去式。如:can-could,shall-should,will-would
12. 把动词原形中的。改为a, 变成过去式。如:come-came,become-became
13. 在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear [hi] -heard [h:d],say[sei]-said[sed],mean[mi:n]-mean[ment]
14. 动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如: let-let,must-must,put-put,read-read [red]
15. 不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is-was,are-were,build-built,do-did,eat-ate,fall-fell,feel-felt,find-found,fly-flew,go-went,have/has-had,hold-held,leave-left,make-made,may-might,run-ran,see-saw,take-took
过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1) 动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/id/音,
want> wanted (要)need> needed (需要)
(2) 动词词尾为清辅音时,发/t/音。
helphelped (帮助)laughlaughed (笑)look> looked (看)
kiss> kissed (吻)wash> washed (洗)watchwatched (注视)
(3) 动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/d/音。
call> called (叫)stay> stayed (停留)crycried (哭)
二、动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。
(1) 一般动词在词尾加-s, -s在清辅音后读[s] , 在浊辅音或元音后读[z] ,ds读[dz] ,ts读[ts] .如:
help-helps [helps] ,know-knows [nauz] ,get-gets [gets] ,read-reads [ri:dz]
(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es, -es读[iz] .如:guess-guesses [gesiz],fix-fixes ['fiksiz] ,teach-teaches ['ti:tfiz] ,wash-washes ['wojiz]
注意:go-goes [gauz],do-does[dnz]
(3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i, 再加-es, -ies读[iz] .如:carry-carries ['kaeriz] ,fly-flies [flaiz]
注:在play-plays [pleiz] ,say-says [sez] 中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s.
(4) 特殊词例外。如:
be-is,have-has 以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s] , [z]时,加“s”后字母“e”
发音,与所加“s”, 一起读做[iz] .如:close [klaus] -closes [klausiz]
三、动词ing (动名词)形式的用法及变化规则
(一)、动词ing形式的用法
1. 正在进行时中,谓语动词后加 ing. 如:I'm playing football.
2. 一些特殊表达。。 如:be good at doing sth
enjoy doing sth.
be busy doing
feel like doing
thank you for doing
do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing
go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating
(二)、动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下:
1) 一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping
study---studying speak---speaking
carry---carrying say---saying
2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e, 再加ing
wake---waking make---making come---coming
take---taking leave---leaving have---having
3) 以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅"结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字
母,再加ing.初中学过的这类词有:begin,cut,get,hit,run,set,sit,spit,stop,swim, beg,drop,fit, nod,dig,forget,regret,rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写)
travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing, 如:travel---travelling. 初中阶段此类词只有这一个。
4) 以y结尾的动词直接加ing
carry-carrying enjoy-enjoying
5) 以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y, 再加ing
die---dying lie---lying
要特别注意有些动词没有进行时态。
1、表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词,如:see,hear,love,know,want, hope,think等,没有进行时态。
2、当have/has 作为“拥有”时,没有进行时态,但表示“开会,吃饭,玩得高兴”等意思时,可以用进行时表达。
I am having many books. (这是错误的句子)
I am having a good time. (这才是正确的句子)
写出下列动词的现在分词形式
visit_ work_play_ study_dance_have_travel__take_drop_
shop_swim__sing_ lie_